Question

(51-60) For each of the following proteins that are proteolytically cleaved in apoptosis, indicate whether the cleavage is first carried out by an initiator (A) or executioner (E) caspase. 51. Caspase-3

52. The BH3-only protein Bid

53. The endonuclease inhibitor iCAD

54. The nuclear protein Lamin

A 55. Caspase-8

56. The actin cytoskeleton

57. The kinases RIPK1 and RIPK3

58. The DNA repair protein PARP

59. Caspase-10

60. Gelsolin

Answer 1

51) Caspase – 3 –In the caspase 3, the apoptosis takes place with help of the proteolytic cleavage and the cleavage starts with the executioner caspase. Generally this takes place in the humans and mouse both. Caspase is the protein which helps in initiating the apoptosis in the cells along with also it helps in pyroptosis and necroptosis.

52) The BH3- only protein Bid – For this protein the apoptosis was started with help of the executioner caspase which helped in initiating the proteolytic cleavage.

53) The endonuclease inhibitor Icad – The endonuclease inhibitor is activated for the apoptosis with help of the initiator caspase as the endonuclease is activated by the executioner caspase

54) The nuclear protein lamin – It is done by help of executioner caspase as it is found that for initiating the apoptosis of the nuclear protein lamin, the caspase 6 protein plays an important role which falls under executioner.

55) Caspase -8 – This is done with help of the initiator caspase and it is mostly found in the apoptosis in human and mouse cells.

56) The actin cytoskeleton – It is found that caspase 3 is mostly responsible for initiating the apoptosis of the actin cytoskeleton and this belong to the executioner caspase.

57) The kinase RIPK1 and RIPK3 – For the kinase it is found that caspase 8 is the responsible for initiating the proteolytic cleavage for apoptosis to take place. Caspase 8 belongs to initiator caspase and it helps in apoptosis in human and mouse

58) The DNA repair protein PARP – Caspase 3 is the main executioner caspase that leads to the apoptosis of the protein

59) Caspase 10 – This is a type of intiator caspase and is mostly found in human and mouse and leads to initiating apoptosis.

60) Gelsolin – The apoptosis is done with help of caspase 3 and the protein is proteolytically cleaved by caspase 3 which a type of executioner caspase