Question

Using knowledge of the microbe, How do microbes work with your body? (at least 200 words)

Answer 1

Microbes or Microorganisms are tiny or Microscopic Organisms.

• They are single celled organism and may occurs in colony of cells.
• As they contains only one cell they are called unicellular organisms.
• Microorganisms are very important for humans in many ways
• various uses of microorganisms includes Fermentation, sewage treatment, fuel production, source of enzymes and bioactive compounds, soil fertilizer, and some lives inside other living organisms in helps them in certain ways.
  

Human body contains million to trillions of microorganisms. These microbes from different communities are collectively called as Microbiome. Human microbiomes has diversity of genomes and microbiome of one human will always differ from others.
Microbiome helps in maintaining human health and provides immunity.

So now will see where they live in human body and how they work their.
Various sites in human body where microbes inhabit are Skin, Nose, Mouth, Digestive track, Genitals and urinary tract.

Microbes on Skin

• Skin is the largest human organ and direct contact point to external world, so most diverse microbes lives on skin. Among this mostly are harmless and some are even useful for skin.
• Example of useful protective bacteria is Bacillus subtilis, it produces toxic substance which has anti bacterial property named as 'Bacitracin'. It helps in fighting with other microbes.
• Various other colonizers are Staphylococcus epidermidis, coagulase-negative Staphylococci, Corynebacterium, Propionibacterium,  Brevibacterium, .Malassezia sp.,Demodex mites viz. Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis.

Microbes in Nasal Cavity

• Microbes of nasal cavity are very important in determining mucosal and systemic immune system reaction.
• Different type of microbes are spotted in different parts of nasal cavity.
• Examples Gram negative bacteria are present regularly in pharynx but absent in nasal passage.
• Viridans type Streptococci are present in nasal cavity.
• Corynebacterium, Aureobacterium, Rhodococcus and Staphylococcus are present dominantly.

Microbes in Oral Cavity

• Microbes of human oral cavity are called as the oral microflora, oral microbiota or oral microbiome.
• Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chlamydiae, Chloroflexi, Euryarchaeota, Firmicutes, Fusobacteria, Proteobacteria, Spirochaetes, Streptococcus, Synergistetes and Tenericutes are examples of oral microflora.

Microbes of Digestive tract

• Human gut is a place where many microbes live.
• Gut flora helps in digestion of food as well is protect our digestive tract from other harmful microbes.
• E coli, Clostridia, Bacilli, Bacteroides fragilis and B. thetaiotaomicron are examples of gut flora.

Microbes in Reproductive Tract

• Reproductive tract Microbiome plays crucial role in reproductive cycle, gametogenesis, pregnancy and delivery of new born.
• Vaginal microflora helps in prevention of various microbial infections like bacterial vaginosis (BV), yeast infections, sexually transmitted diseases, urinary tract infections, and human immunodeficiency virus.
• some bacteria like lactobacillus species helps in maintaining PH.