Question

Insulators work by making complexes with TFs and regulatory proteins.

Group of answer choices

True

False

Answer 1

True ...insulators can show there action by both ways - binding with regulatory proteins and transcription factors and regulate transcription or by acting just as a barrier only.

*On average, because there is a gene every 100–200 kb in a typical vertebrate genome, an enhancer has to “choose” among two or more genes , which one to activate or which one not . Specific elements called insulators control the actions of activators.

*Specific elements called insulators control the actions of activators. These works by two ways :

*The first way is by blocking the action of a distal enhancer on a promoter. Enhancer blocking only occurs if the insulator is situated between the enhancer and the promoter, not if it is placed elsewhere. When placed between an enhancer and a promoter, an insulator inhibits activation of the gene by that enhancer.

*The second way in which insulators protect genes is by acting as “barriers” that prevent the advance of nearby condensed chromatin that might otherwise silence expression.

*The proteins that bind insulators do not actively repress the promoter, nor do they inhibit the activities of the activators. Rather, they block communication between the two.

*Insulators often bind a large zinc-finger protein called CTCF.