Question

Solution please

You want to invest in a larger processing filtration facility. In the current facility, 12 m3 of filtrate are produced and in the new one you should get 60 m3 of filtrate. You want to find out if the old existing filter apparatus could be used in the new facility. Thus, you want to compare the performance of the existing 'old' plate and frame filter with a 'new' one you intend to buy. Both are to be used to process an aqueous slurry (T 25°C, viscosity 0.881 mPa.s) in the constant pressure mode. The constant pressure (-AP) for both systems would be 450 kPa. In order to compare the systems you determined the following experimental data for both the old and new system. The slurry concentration is 15 kg/m3 in both cases. The filter area for the experiments is 0.05 m2 for both the new filter and the old filter OLD NEW Time (s) Vniltrate (m 4.0 Time (s) Vitrate (m3) 6.474E-04 4.6 1.300E-03 9.9 1.499E-04 3.212E-04 1.951E-03 17.0 5.415E-04 2.600E-03 25.7 8.022E-04 1.108E-03 3.903E-03 48.2 1.446E-03 61.71.817E-03 5.205E-03 77.0 2.224E-03 5.853E-03 93.5 2.654E-03 6.512E-03 112.2 3.128E-03 16.6 25.1 3.247E-03 36.3 47.1 60.3 91.4 09.7 1. Calculate the resistance of the filter medium (Rm in m) as well as the specific cake resistance (a in m/kg) for both the old and new filter systems. (50 points) The old filter press has a total filter area of 30 m2. The new filter press has a total filter area of 35 m2 For the actual process you can assume the same filter cake properties and filter cloth, as well as the same constant pressure (-AP) as in the experiments in the lab. How long would it take to recover 60 m of filtrate for the new and old filter (tilernew, tfilterold)? (50 points) 2.

Answer 1

An example of a product facility layout is the production process used by a company that produces daily bread in huge quantities without much variation. They have dedicated lines for simple fluffy breads which the company is making for past 70 years. Any variants of the bread are not much popular in the region, and are processed on a single specially designated line.

Since there is a standard product here, which is not subject to much variations ( the method of mixing, baking and packing is likely to be the same in future), a product facility layout makes the line very efficient to produce huge quantity at a lower price and enables the company to take advantage of the economies of scale, which is not possible with process facility layout.

The example of process facility layout is a cookie shop that is required to produce different varieties of cookies in different amounts. The company sells over 50 varieties of cookies, biscuits and puffs through over 25 outlets in the city. Each product has different way of mixing, baking, processing, garnishing and packing process that requires many changes as a lot is changed.

For this kind of process, which requires frrequent changes every day, the process faclity layout is more appropriate. It make the lines more versatile and is economical and convenient than product facility layout which would involve more downtime due to greater changeover time after each lot resulting in lower productivity and higher fixed cost.