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Explain(in words) why these extensive-form games are equivalent 2 adding a superfluous move 9 interchanging moves 9

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The three games are equivalent to each other because if you compare the first game with the second, it is the same except for the new superfluous move that is added in the last node of player 2. Despite adding two branches when player 2 O3, the action on both branches is still O3 hence it would not change anything. In comparing with the third game, the players have swapped their positions but the moves are also adjusted accordingly and hence practically nothing changes from game 1 to game 3 as well. Player 2 still has a choice between 3 and 4 or 5

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