Question

2. Identify and describe alternatives to leadership. 3. Describe the changing nature of leadership and emerging leadership

Answer 1

The three key theories of situational leadership are Hersey and Blanchard’s situational leadership theory, Goleman’s situational leadership theory on basis of emotional intelligence and Vroom and Yelton’s Normative Decision Theory. The first one is an approach that refers to the need to match leaders’ leadership styles and followers’ levels of preparedness or maturity. Goleman’s suggests six categories of leaders – pacesetting, authoritative, affiliative, coaching, coercive and democratic. Normative Decision theory is the approach which determines optimum amount of tie and input for a group which should be committed to a decision. There could be many options of decisions available to a leader to choose from.
Alternatives to leadership : 1) group leadership where more than one person give guidance and direction to the team or organization and the role of leadership often rotates through various group members; 2) members within a collegiality system are together due to a common goal or motive and respect the abilities of one another; 3) consensus: involves a general agreement among group members with proper weigh to each member’s opinion; 4) democracy: form of government where supreme power is held by group members and all members have equal access to power; 5) cooperative: group of people uniting voluntarily to meet their common set of needs via an enterprise; 6) anarchism: extreme form of alternative to leadership where the society should be organized without a coercive state.
Emerging leadership comprise issues like virtual teams, women leaders, servant leadership, trust, emotional intelligence. Leadership is gradually believed as a collective process with flexibility, collaborating. As challenges are becoming complex and multidimentional, a system of collaboration is observed in the process of leadership.