Question

Describe 2 cell structures that provide energy for the cell.

Answer 1

The two cell structures that provide energy for the cell include,

1. Mitochondria (in the animal cells)

2. Chloroplast (in the plant cells)

Mitochondria: They are bounded by a double membrane the outer membrane projects to the cytoplasm and the inner membrane project into the matrix. The inner membrane is convoluted into several folds, called “cristae.” The surface area of the inner membrane is increased by cristae. The matrix contains a concentrated mixture of enzymes, which play an important role in the metabolism of nutrients. The main function of mitochondria is energy production. And so, because of this function, they often called as “power hoses of the cell.”

Plants contain chloroplasts in addition to mitochondria as an energy resource. Chloroplasts (organelle found in plants and algae) are bounded by a double membrane, which has an outer and inner membrane. The primary function of chloroplasts is to carry out photosynthesis and synthesize glucose, which is the primary source of energy. The outer surface of chloroplasts contains pigments arranged in groups, which are together known as “photosystems.” These photosystems are the assembly of pigments and proteins, which allow the transfer of electrons to the reaction centers. The process of photophosphorylation occurs in the photosystem.