Question

Five emergent properties of water and why they arise:

(text book shows only four but my professor had said to list five emergent properties...)

please explain, thank you.

Answer 1

Water is Cohesive and Adhesive:

Water molecules are polar. That is, one end of the molecule is more electronegative than the other end, Therefore, the opposite ends of different water molecules are attracted to each other The hydrogen bonding tendency of water causes it to be sticky in that water molecules tend to stick together is known as cohesion. Because of this property, water has a high surface tension. Water is also adhesive, meaning that it tends to stick to other molecules besides water. It will stick to water-soluble substances, such as starches or cellulose..

Water Maintains a Relatively Constant Temperature.

Water has high specific heat, high heat of vaporization, and an evaporative cooling property that together causes it to tend to maintain a constant temperature. High specific heat means that water absorbs and retains heat better than many substances.

Water Is a Good Solvent

Water is polar and so readily hydrogen bonds, other polar molecules will readily dissolve in it. There is a negative charge on one end of the molecule, which is attracted to the positive charge and vice versa.

Water Expands When It Freezes

When water freezes, the bonds can no longer be broken, because there is no heat energy to do so. Therefore, the water molecules form a lattice that is more expansive than water in liquid form. It is less dense than water, it floats over the more dense liquid water.

Water Has a Neutral pH.

Water can dissociate into hydrogen [H+] and hydroxyl [OH-] ions. pH is a relative measure of hydrogen to hydroxyl ions. Because water has a roughly equal number of hydrogen and hydroxyl ions, it is neither acidic nor basic, but has a neutral pH of 7