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Question 1: Collagen accounts for as much as 25-30% of total body protein in vertebrates, and...

Question 1:

Collagen accounts for as much as 25-30% of total body protein in vertebrates, and a collagen fiber in connective tissue can be longer than the cell from which it was generated. Describe the process just after translation of the collagen protein to the formation of a collagen fiber. Where does each step occur?

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Just after translation of collagen protein (pre-pro-polypeptide chain), it enters the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) for translational modifications.

There it undergoes in processing and made three major modifications. This modified pro-polypeptide chain termed as pro-collagen.

Post-translational modifications (ER)--

  • firstly signal peptide (at N-ter) is removed.
  • Hydroxylation of lysine and pro line residues.
  • Glycosylation with galactose and glucose
  • Then assembling of 3 hydroxylated and glycosylated chains into a triple helix and termed as pro-collagen.
  • This pro-collagen moved to Golgi apparatus and assembled in secretory vesicles. Then finally secreted into extracellular matrix through exocytosis process.
  • In extracellular matrix enzyme pro-collagen peptidase cleaves prppeptides at N-ter and C-ter resulting the protein tropocollagen.
  • At last enzyme lysyl oxidase acts on lysine and hydroxylysine and covalent bond form between tropocollagen molecules resulting a collagen fiber.
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