Question

2 questions that are pertaining to the heart. (Anatomy)

1. Describe the anatomical differences between the atrioventricular valves and semilunar valves.

2.describe the flow of blood through coronary circulation. include branches and the structure they serve.

Answer 1

1. The atrio ventricular valves prevent the flow of blood from the ventricles to atrium. The 2 types of atrio ventricular valves, are the bicuspid and the tricuspid valves. The semi lunar valves prevent the blood flow from arteries to ventricles. The two semi lunar valves are aortic valve and pulmonary valve. The aortic valve prevent the blood flow from aorta to left ventricle where as pulmonary valve prevent the blood flow from pulmonary artery to right ventricle. The valves are located in heart chambers and they open and close during the contraction of the heart. The atrio ventricular valves are located at the side of atrium and ventricles and the semi lunar valves are located at the base of the ventricles.

2. The blood vessels of myocardium are called the coronary arteries which supply blood to components of heart and the blood flow through these is known as the coronary circulation. The left coronary artery supply the blood to the left side of the heart, the left atrium and ventricle, and the interventricular septum.The right coronary artery travels along the coronary sulcus and supplies blood to the right atrium, portions of both ventricles, and the heart conduction system. Following are the main branches of coronary circulation:

• Aorta
  • Left coronary artery / Left main coronary artery (LMCA)
    • Left circumflex artery (LCX)
      • Obtuse marginal artery 1 (OM1)
      • Obtuse marginal artery 2 (OM2)
    • Left anterior descending artery (LAD)
      • Diagonal artery 1
      • Diagonal artery 2
  • Right coronary artery (RCA)
    • AV node artery
    • Right marginal artery
    • Posterior descending artery (PDA)
    • Posteriolateral artery 1
    • Posteriolateral artery 2