Question

QUESTION 62 Grass growing in a field is eaten by a deer. Later on, the deer dies and its body is decomposed, in part, by bacteria. Which organism(s) are consumers? agrass only Ob.deer only c. bacteria only d. grass and bacteria Oedeer and bacteria QUESTION 63 What is the main structural component of plants? a. cellulose Ob.chitin Oc glucose d. glycogen O estarch QUESTION 64 When a gene is transcribed, what is produced? a. messenger RNA Ob. genetic defects O c protein or polypeptide sequences O d. more DNA O e enzymes

Answer 1

1. Producers in a food chain can be defined as the organisms that have the potential to synthesize food from inorganic matter. Consumers, on the other hand, are organisms that acquire their food by consuming/eating other organisms. Finally, the decomposers, are organisms that can obtain their food by decomposing/breaking down the remains of dead organisms and organic wastes.

In the above case, the deer is the consumer (primary consumers, or herbivores). and the bacteria is the decomposer. The grass is a producer here.

The correct answer option b.           

2. Option a.

The main structural component of the cell wall of the plant is the cellulose. Cellulose is a structural carbohydrate that is comprised of a long chain of D-glucose linked by a beta glycosidic bond. In the majority of the animals, they lack enzymes that hydrolyze the cellulose so it is difficult to digest the cellulose by them.

Option b

Chitin is a polysaccharide present in the cell wall of fungi.

Option c

Glucose is a monomer it is not capable of forming a structural component alone. The glucose molecules must join together by different glycosidic linkages to form polysaccharides that can form any structural component. Glucose alone can serve as an energy source.

Option d

Glycogen is the storage form of glucose in animal cells.

Option e

Starch is the storage form of glucose in plants, it is stored in the stroma of the chloroplasts and the cytoplasm of leaves.

3. Option a

During transcription, an mRNA molecule is formed from DNA. The mRNA, in turn, acts as a template for the process of translation(protein synthesis).

Option b

A genetic disorder can be defined as the health problem that is caused by abnormalities caused by a mutation in the genome/chromosome.

Option c

Protein is formed by the process of translation.

Option d

DNA is produced by the process of replication. DNA polymerase enzyme polymerizes the nucleotides to form the polynucleotide chain.

Option e

The enzymes are protein in nature and they are produced by polymerization of amino acids.