Question

1. Viruses are

a. cells containing DNA and protein.

b. larger than most bacteria.

c. acellular.

d. able to take in nutrients and expel wastes.

e. mutated forms of DNA.

2. Beginning with a single bacterium, how many cells would be present after 4 hours of growth if they can double every 20 minutes?

a. 12

b. 24

c. 64

d. 4,096

e. 34,217,728

3. The genetic information of viruses can be

a. DNA.

b. RNA.

c. single-stranded.

d. double-stranded.

e. All of the above

4. In eukaryotic cells, promoters are

a. transcribed.

b. transcribed and translated.

c. neither transcribed nor translated.

d. transcribed and then removed.

e. sequences of RNA that are spliced out.

5. The earlier the cell intervenes in the process of protein synthesis, the _______ energy it wastes. Thus, cells will tend to regulate protein synthesis _______.

a. more; at the earliest possible stage

b. more; at all stages

c. more; at the latest possible stage

d. less; at the earliest possible stage

e. less; at the latest possible stage

6. Nucleosomes disaggregate to allow transcription and then reaggregate

a. through alternative splicing.

b. by acetylation and deacetylation.

c. through alternation of nucleotides.

d. by attaching ubiquitin.

e. through insertion of nucleotides.

7. Helix-turn-helix is a _______ found in a _______.

a. structural motif; promoter

b. structural motif; transcription factor

c. consensus sequence; promoter

d. consensus sequence; enhancer

e. consensus sequence; transcription factor

8. Actin, which is part of many cellular structures and has several functions, is produced at constant levels in nearly all cells. It is best described as a(n) _______ protein.

a. inducible

b. repressible

c. conditional

d. constitutive

e. regulated

9. Two identical twins show very similar methylation patterns when they are 4 years old, but these patterns diverged considerably by the time they are 40 years old. What is the most likely explanation for this?

a. It is an effect of different genomic imprinting in the twins.

b. It is due to different alternative splicing in the twins.

c. It is due to the twins experiencing different environments as adults.

d. It is due to different levels of histone acetyltransferase in the twins.

e. It is due to differences the twins experienced in utero.

10. The stress response elements in plants are

a. transcription factors.

b. inducers.

c. RNA sequences.

d. enzymes.

e. DNA sequences.

Answer 1

1. Viruses are

Answer-  c. acellular.

Viruses are acellular, smaller than bacteria and contain either DNA or RNA as genetic material.

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