Question

Answer the questions in below. Answer every part in details and support with images.

Explain Plant type cells of a. Meristematic cell b. Parenchyma cell c. Collenchyma cell d. Sclerenchyma cell

Answer the following questions for each type of plant cell listed in above:

1. is the cell alive?

2. where is it found?

3. cell walls?

4. are cells differentiated? how?

5. what is the functionof this type of cell?

Answer every question in details and use images.

Answer 1

1. Meristematic cell : A meristem is a, living tissue in plants that consists of meristematic cells capable of cell division. meristematic tissue is located only certain part ol the plant. There are three types of meristematic tissues: apical , intercalary and lateral . apical meristems are found at the growing tip of the plants. intercalary meristem is found at the present at the base of the internodes or at the base of nodes of stem or leaf. lateral meristems are  located along the sides stem or root which helps in diameter growth of plant. The cell wall is a very thin primary cell wall. it is undifferentiated cells. the main function of Meristems is to give rise to various tissues and organs of a plant and it is are responsible for growth.

2.Parenchyma :  Parenchyma is the most common simple permanent tissue. They are living cells. They are usually loosely arranged and large  intercellular spaces are found in this tissue. they are  well differentiated cells. parenchyma can be classified into Aerenchyma and Chlorenchyma.   Based on the specific functions it can be classified as chlorenchym and aerenchyma.some paranchyma  contains chlorophyll and performs photosynthesis, and then it is called chlorenchyma. In aquatic plants, large air cavities are present in parenchyma to help them float. Such a parenchyma type is called aerenchyma. the main function of paranchyma is storage of food and mechanical support. The parenchyma tissue is located in plant plant such as cortex and pith.

3. Collenchyma:it is a simple permanent tissue . The cells of this tissue are living, elongated and irregularly thickened at the corners. cell walls are composed of the compounds cellulose and pectin. There is very little intercellular space. They provide structural support to the plant. it also  allows bending of various parts of a plant like tendrils and stems of climbers without breaking. These cells are often found under the epidermis, or the outer layer of cells in growing shoot, root and leaves. collenchyma are well differentiated cells.

4. sclerenchyma: it a type of permanent tissue. it  makes the plant hard and stiff. Mature sclerenchyma cells are usually dead cells that have heavily thickened secondary walls containing lignin. Often these walls are so thick that there is no internal space inside the cell. This tissue is present in stems, around vascular bundles, in the veins of leaves and in the hard covering of seeds and nuts. the main function of this tissue is to provide strength to the plant.