Question

EXERCISE 10 PROTEIN SYNTHESIS Work with a partner to complete this exercise and answer the questions that follow. You will use the DNA strand from Exercise 8 to make the protein for which it codes. STEP 1 Review the imaginary strand of DNA below. Note the complementary base pairs. AGCAATCCGTCTTGG TCGTTAGGCAGAACC STEP 2 Draw the DNA strand separating down the middle (as in the beginning of DNA replication). STEP 3 Draw the free-floating RNA bases linking up with the top side of the DNA strand. (Remember, in protein synthesis, only one side of the DNA strand is used.) Be sure to follow the rules of complementary base pairing and to account for the special RNA base, uracil.

Answer 1

• Transcription is the process by which DNA sequence is copied to mRNA, by enzyme RNA polymerase.
• It occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cell and cytoplasm of prokaryotic cell.
• 5’ to 3’ strand of DNA serve as coding strand.
• 3’ to 5’ strand of DNA act as template strand.
• RNA is synthesized by complementary base pairing with the template strand.
• Thus, the RNA will have same sequence as coding strand (only T is replaced by U) and is oriented in 5’ to 3’ direction.
• Translation is the process by which genetic code carried by mRNA is converted to protein.
• It takes place in cytoplasm.
• During translation, tRNA carries amino acid to the ribosome, by matching anticodons to codons in mRNA.
• The secondary structure of tRNA form the clover leaf structure with the anticodon arm having complementary nucleotides for base pairing with codons in mRNA.

5 3' AGCAATCcGTCTT GE B' TCGTTAGGCAGA Ace 5 coding strand Template Templode strand. YCAGA Ace 5' eCGTCTT GG - 31 6' - AGC 3 - TC GTTAGGCAGAA CC -5° eA4 Tee Teттe 4 - 3 -AGE AA LOM 3 - Тотта е сла Асс Б 5-A GC AA UCC Gue UGG-3' mRNA DNA 5' - A GCAATCCGTCTT GG-31 3 - TCGTTAGG CAGAA CC - 5 mRNA Remains in nucleus a 5-AGCARUCC Gue UGG-3' moves to cytoplasm The Leu Ser جو tRNA (with anticodons and amino acids) 3 mRNA (with codon ان کے نا cu UGG AGCAA Ucc