Question

Starting with a given fatty acid: C22:6 w-3 go through the process of beta oxidation. begin by drawing the structure and giving the alternative naming of this molecule

Answer 1

Common name is - Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)

Lipid number is - 22:6 (n-3)

Chemical name is - all-cis-4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid

Omega−3 fatty acids, also called ω−3 fatty acids or n−3 fatty acids, are polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs) characterized by the presence of a double bond three atoms away from the terminal methyl group in their chemical structure. They are widely distributed in nature, being important constituents of animal lipid metabolism, and they play an important role in the human diet and in human physiology .

Fatty acid beta oxidation is the major process by which fatty acids are oxidized, by sequential removal of two-carbon units from the acyl chain, providing a major source of ATP for heart and skeletal muscle.

Fatty acid oxidation is the mitochondrial aerobic process of breaking down a fatty acid into acetyl-CoA units. Fatty acids move in this pathway as CoA derivatives utilizing NAD and FAD.

Fatty acids are activated before oxidation, utilizing ATP in the presence of CoA-SH and acyl-CoA synthetase. Long-chain acyl-CoA enters mitochondria bound to carnitine. Inside mitochondria beta oxidation of fatty acids takes place in which two carbon atoms are removed in the form of acetyl-CoA from acyl-CoA at the carboxyl terminal. The bond is broken between the second carbon/beta carbon and the third carbon/gamma carbon, hence the name beta oxidation. This process provides energy from fats.