Question

Describe the central dogma of molecular biology, briefly describe the processes of transcription and translation. Long answer please

Answer 1

The central dogoma of molecular biology described the two step process translation and transcription by which the formation in genes flows into proteins DNA -RNA-protein

Trascription -is the process of transcribing DNA code into another type of code or message of mRNAthe enzyme called RNA polymerase bind to a specific part of DNA sequence called to promoter .the DNA then must unzip and unwind to express the two strand of DNAone strand containing bases complementary so that of gene needing to be transcribed act as a template trough complementary based pairing nucleotides align alongside the template strand forming a single stranded mRNA molecule .when the RNA polymerase recognise that it has reached a terminator sequence or stop codon the mRNA detaches from the DNA .the mRNA molecule then moves out of the nucleus through a nuclear pore into the cytoplasm ready to be translated into a protein at the site of a ribosome.

Process of Translation :=translation is the synthesis of protien by ribosoms in the cell.molecule of mRNA is copied from DNA to produce a specific Base sequence .mRNA bind onto the small subunit of a ribosome. An initiator or trna bind onto the mRNA this will be on codon AUG .second tRNA molecule with an anticode complimentary to the next codon will bind to ribosoms. Ribosome then transfer the amino acid from the first to the second tRNA .forming a dip epidemic these ribosoms then move along the mRNA in the 5 to 3 direction .

This process is repeated until a stop codon on the mRNA is reached the completed polypeptide is released.