What is the mechanism by which telomerase is able to extend the 3’ end of chromosomes?...
What is the mechanism by which telomerase is able to extend the 3’ end of chromosomes?
Professor gave some hints: Repetitive sequences of Telomere and Telomerase is a complex of enzymes in RNA template.
Homework Answers
Eukaryotic chromosomes are linear and after every round of DNA replication, there is a loss of DNA from the ends of chromosomes. If this continues to happen, than after multiple rounds of DNA replication, complete chromosome will be lost and the cell would die. This is called as end replication problem. This is not seen in prokaryotes because they have circular chromosomes.
To solve this problem, telomerase, an RNA based enzyme, provide RNA template to add repetitive sequences at the tips of chromosomes. These sequences are called as telomeres. The sequence is 5' TTAGGG 3' and is also called as TEL sequence.
Below is an image which shows end replication problem that leads to the generation of gaps at the ends of the chromosome -
Below is an image which shows how telomerase adds telomere -
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What is the mechanism by which telomerase is able to extend the
3’ end of chromosomes?...
Pork Which one of the following statements correctly describes telomerase"? Select one: a. Telomerase uses the...
Pork Which one of the following statements correctly describes telomerase"? Select one: a. Telomerase uses the DNA as a template for synthesizing a new strand. b. Activity of this enzyme is inhibited in many cancerous cells. c. It creates repetitive DNA at the end of the chromosomes, d. This enzyme is active in all dividing cells. In the 1953 article where Watson and Crick describe the structure of DNA, they make reference to a possible copying mechanism for the molecule....
Question 2a Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is made up of nucleotides. Which part of the nucleotide stabilizes...
Question 2a Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is made up of nucleotides. Which part of the nucleotide stabilizes the structure of DNA using weak van der Waals interactions (stacking) and using hydrogen bonds? (Note that covalent bonds are not included in that sentence.) a. the deoxyribose sugar b. the ribose sugar c. the phosphate d. the nitrogenous base e. the amino acid Question 2b This ability of the nitrogenous bases to exist in more than one form can lead to incorporation of...
QUESTION 4 Which of the following provides the free 3'-OH group for DNA polymerase to fill...
QUESTION 4 Which of the following provides the free 3'-OH group for DNA polymerase to fill in the ends of telomere DNA? O A. The end of the previous Okazaki fragment. O 0 The RNA primers laid down by primase. o O C. The RNA bound to telomerase. OD. The ends are filled in by RNA polymerase which does not require a free 3'-OH group.
Question 10 A human chromosome has 3 origins of replication. Assuming that all 3 origins of...
Question 10 A human chromosome has 3 origins of replication. Assuming that all 3 origins of replication are used at the same time, what is the maximum number of helicases present on DNA during DNA replication (not including DNA repair)? 12 O 3 O2 Question 11 Which of the following correctly compares primase and telomerase? O Both primase and telomerase synthesize DNA using a DNA template. O Primase synthesizes RNA using an RNA template, but telomerase synthesizes DNA using a...
1. The first human cell line to be established in culture was derived from what type...
1. The first human cell line to be established in culture was derived from what type of cancer? A. liver cancer B. breast cancer C. lung cancer D. cervical cancer 2. Which of the following can induce cellular senescence? A. Oncogene Expression B. All of these C. Super-Mitogenic Signals D. DNA Damage E. Replicative stresses 3. Match the following with closest relation: A. replicative senescence B. telomere length control C. hTERT D. BFB cycle end-to-end fusion telomerase TRF1 p16INK4 4....
ID: 4 A new sugar, sugarose, induces synthesis of two anxvmes from the sug operon or...
ID: 4 A new sugar, sugarose, induces synthesis of two anxvmes from the sug operon or are know to be involved in sugarose utilization. The table below shows the induction of two enzymes from the sug operon of E. coll. Four genes enzymes in strains carrying doletion mutations co ntion affecting each on Here, ' means the enzyme is induced normally, 'C' means the enzyme '0' means the enzyme is never detected. cod normally, 'C' means the enzyme was synthesized...
Question 2 1 pts What happens at the telomere once the RNA primer is removed? Think...
Question 2 1 pts What happens at the telomere once the RNA primer is removed? Think carefully about this answer! The question in my presentation had a mistake. DNA poll replaces the RNA primer at the 5' end of the new strand with DNA. DNA poll replaces the RNA primer at the 3' end of the new strand with DNA. None of the above Question 4 1 pts Telomerase works by Elongating the 5' to 3' newly replicated DNA strand...
1. If a template strand reads: 3’-TTG CAA TGC AAC-5’ what will the new strand read?...
1. If a template strand reads: 3’-TTG CAA TGC AAC-5’ what will the new strand read? 2. How are new nucleotide monomers attached to the growing strand? What is the reaction that takes place? How is dATP different from ATP? 3. Why does the lagging strand exist? 4. In the lagging strand, what is the enzyme that replaces the RNA primer with DNA? What enzyme then connects the two fragments together? 5. The replication machinery is very accurate but every...
Question 16 1 pts Which is true of RNA polymerases in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms?...
Question 16 1 pts Which is true of RNA polymerases in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms? They have the same number of cofactors in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. They are composed of an analogous a 2ßß'w core. They make copies of RNA from either DNA or RNA templates. There is a single enzyme type per organism. Question 17 1 pts What are E. coli sigma (o) subunits in RNA synthesis? transcription factors receptor proteins RNA polymerases ODNA promoter regions Question 11...
A point mutation in DNA changes a) the locations of genes b) the number of chromosomes...
A point mutation in DNA changes a) the locations of genes b) the number of chromosomes c) the length of some chromosomes d) telomere length e) a single base pair of DNA One possible reading frame for the coding sequence 5' GUCAAAUUUGG 3' is_ a) 5'GGU UUA AAC UG 3 b) 5' UCA AAU UUG 3' c) 5'UUU GGG 3 d) 5' CAG UUU AAA CC 3' e) 5' CAG TTT AAA CC 3' After transcription, a eukaryotic cell will...
Pork Which one of the following statements correctly describes telomerase"? Select one: a. Telomerase uses the DNA as a template for synthesizing a new strand. b. Activity of this enzyme is inhibited in many cancerous cells. c. It creates repetitive DNA at the end of the chromosomes, d. This enzyme is active in all dividing cells. In the 1953 article where Watson and Crick describe the structure of DNA, they make reference to a possible copying mechanism for the molecule....
QUESTION 4 Which of the following provides the free 3'-OH group for DNA polymerase to fill in the ends of telomere DNA? O A. The end of the previous Okazaki fragment. O 0 The RNA primers laid down by primase. o O C. The RNA bound to telomerase. OD. The ends are filled in by RNA polymerase which does not require a free 3'-OH group.
Question 10 A human chromosome has 3 origins of replication. Assuming that all 3 origins of replication are used at the same time, what is the maximum number of helicases present on DNA during DNA replication (not including DNA repair)? 12 O 3 O2 Question 11 Which of the following correctly compares primase and telomerase? O Both primase and telomerase synthesize DNA using a DNA template. O Primase synthesizes RNA using an RNA template, but telomerase synthesizes DNA using a...
ID: 4 A new sugar, sugarose, induces synthesis of two anxvmes from the sug operon or are know to be involved in sugarose utilization. The table below shows the induction of two enzymes from the sug operon of E. coll. Four genes enzymes in strains carrying doletion mutations co ntion affecting each on Here, ' means the enzyme is induced normally, 'C' means the enzyme '0' means the enzyme is never detected. cod normally, 'C' means the enzyme was synthesized...
Question 2 1 pts What happens at the telomere once the RNA primer is removed? Think carefully about this answer! The question in my presentation had a mistake. DNA poll replaces the RNA primer at the 5' end of the new strand with DNA. DNA poll replaces the RNA primer at the 3' end of the new strand with DNA. None of the above Question 4 1 pts Telomerase works by Elongating the 5' to 3' newly replicated DNA strand...
Question 16 1 pts Which is true of RNA polymerases in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms? They have the same number of cofactors in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. They are composed of an analogous a 2ßß'w core. They make copies of RNA from either DNA or RNA templates. There is a single enzyme type per organism. Question 17 1 pts What are E. coli sigma (o) subunits in RNA synthesis? transcription factors receptor proteins RNA polymerases ODNA promoter regions Question 11...
A point mutation in DNA changes a) the locations of genes b) the number of chromosomes c) the length of some chromosomes d) telomere length e) a single base pair of DNA One possible reading frame for the coding sequence 5' GUCAAAUUUGG 3' is_ a) 5'GGU UUA AAC UG 3 b) 5' UCA AAU UUG 3' c) 5'UUU GGG 3 d) 5' CAG UUU AAA CC 3' e) 5' CAG TTT AAA CC 3' After transcription, a eukaryotic cell will...
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