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Why is His a particularly useful and highly versatile amino acid residue in enzymatic reaction mechanisms?...

Why is His a particularly useful and highly versatile amino acid residue in enzymatic reaction mechanisms? To help compose your answer, consider the pKa of His and its role in both chymotrypsin and carbonic anhydrase catalysis

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Histidine is considred as an important amino acids in enzymatic reactions due to its nearly neutral isoelectric point (pI) value of 7.59. It has three pka values (1.82, 6.00 and 9.17)  It contains an imidazole side chain which is partially protonated and hence considered as positively charged amino acid at physiological pH. The histidine is a precursor for histamine, an amine produced in the body necessary for inflammation.

In chymotrypsin, histidine forms a cyclic triad gogather with serine and aspartate.

Histidine works as an activatator in the carbonic anhydrase catalytic reaction.

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