Question

Find the mysterious organism:

I am very small, my size varies from 5-30μm.
I can reproduce autonomously.
I am used a lot in genetic engineering thanks to the transformation technique.
I have long been associated with the human species and Louis Pasteur has also worked on me.
I do not do group translocation.
I can do cellular respiration but not photosynthesis.
I have 16 linear chromosomes.
I can cause infections.
I am very often associated with oak bark but I can also be found on fruits or even in the ground.
I have an average generation time of 90min, although it may vary a bit
I make fermentation and I am fundamental in the production of wine, bread and beer.
The name of my species comes from Latin and means "beer"
Many genetic engineering experiments turn me into auxotrophic and then I become unable to push on a petri dish with YNB
My optimum temperature is 30 ° C.

Answer 1

The mysterious organism is Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The word "cerevisiae" means beer in Latin. This is a yeast, having 16 linear chromosomes and can survive at an optimum temperature of 30 ° C. It is majorly used in the process of winemaking due to its ability to cause fermentation. Also, it is used in households for different cooking purposes like bread, dough,cake, etc. It is also used in many genetic experiments. All the above given evidences are true for this yeast.