Question

1. Select whether the statement is true or false.

Organisms that have similar forms can look similar, but come from very different evolutionary ancestors.

True/False

2. Select whether the statement is true or false.

The length of branches on a phylogenetic tree always corresponds to the length of time between the emergence of new species.

True/False

3. Fill in the blank with the correct answer by typing in the box. Analogous structures often develop through the process of _____ evolution, rather than a close evolutionary relationship.

4. Although insects and birds both have wings, the structures do not come from the same lineage, and these species do not share a common ancestor. This would be an example of ______.

A. a vestigial structure

B. a lineage structure

C. a homologous structure

D. an analogous structure

5. The wing of a bat, the flipper of a whale, and the arm of a human have a similar structure and all can trace their lineage back to a common ancestor. This would be an example of which of the following?

A. an analogous structure

B. a homologous structure

C. a vestigial structure

D. none of the above

6. Match the evolutionary characteristic with its example.

Analogous structures	Human fingernails, canine claws, and cow hooves
Analogous structures	The flipper of a penguin, the fin of a shark, and the flipper of a whale
Homologous structures	The forearm bones in the front leg of a horse, the pectoral fin of a dolphin, and the wing of a bat
Homologous structures	Wings on a vampire bat, peregrine falcon, and on a honeybee

7. Considering a most inclusive (smallest) to least inclusive (largest) approach, which taxonomic category precedes order?

A. species

B. genus

C. family

D. class

8.

Which level of the taxonomic classification system is the most specific?

Use letters in alphabetical order to select options

A. genus

B. domain

C. species

D. order

Answer 1

1. False

The structures are present because they evolved to serve the same purpose. However, the evolution took place separately, hence no common ancestor.

2. False

The length represents evolutionary time that is between two nodes.

3. Convergent

This type of evolution leads to similar looking structures that serve the same purpose in different species and this similarity occurs because these species had to adapt to similar living conditions. This is the reason that these structures have evolved this way.

4. D. an Analogous structure

The structures are present because they evolved to serve the same purpose. However, the evolution took place separately, hence no common ancestor.

5. B. a homologous structure

The structures look similar because they evolved from the same ancestor.

6. Analogous structures- b and d

Homologous structures- a and c

7. D. Class

The correct order is as follows:

Class->order->family->genus->species.

8. C. Species

The correct order towards the most specific system is:

domain->order->genus->species.