Question

13) Distinguish between hypertonic, and isotenic solution and explain what happens to animal cell and plant cell in those solutions.

Answer 1

	Hypertonic solution	isotonic solution
Definition	solution which is having higher concentration of solute with respect to the cell	solution is having equal concentration of solute with that of cell
Animal cell	water will move from the cell into the solution and the cell will undergo shrinkage	there will be no change in the morphology of cell because there is no net movement of water
Plant cell	water will move from cell into the cell will lose water but there will be no change in the shape of the well because of the presence of cell wall	there will be no change in the morphology of cell because there is no net movement of water

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Answer 2

Understanding Hypertonic, Hypotonic, and Isotonic Solutions

1. Definitions:

• Isotonic Solution: The concentration of solutes (like salt or sugar) outside the                                 cell is the same as inside the cell.

• Hypertonic Solution: The concentration of solutes outside the cell                                                         is higher than inside the cell.

• Hypotonic Solution: The concentration of solutes outside the cell                                                          is lower than  inside the cell.

 

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2. Effects on Animal Cells:

• Isotonic: No net movement of water. The cell stays normal (happy and                              healthy!).

• Hypertonic: Water rushes out of the cell, causing it to shrivel (like a raisin). This                        is called crenation.

• Hypotonic: Water rushes into the cell, making it swell and possibly burst (lysis).

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3. Effects on Plant Cells:

• Isotonic: The cell is flaccid (limp, like a wilted plant).

• Hypertonic: Water leaves the cell, causing the membrane to pull away from                           the cell wall (plasmolysis). The plant wilts.

• Hypotonic: Water fills the cell, creating turgor pressure (the cell becomes firm,                      like a crisp lettuce leaf). The rigid cell wall prevents bursting.

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Simple Summary:

Solution	Animal Cell	Plant Cell
Isotonic	Normal	Flaccid (limp)
Hypertonic	Shrivels	Plasmolysis (wilts)
Hypotonic	May burst	Turgid (firm)