Question

please mention some wireless communication of XBEE we have.

we have the UART.please mention another five and explain them.

Answer 1

WIRELESS COMMUNICATION:

1.Wireless communication involves the transmission of information over a distance without the help of wires, cables or any other forms of electrical conductors.

2.Wireless also means " OVER THE AIR ".

Types of Wireless Communication

The different types of wireless communication mainly include,

1.IR wireless communication,

2.Satellite communication,

3.Broadcast radio,

4.Microwave radio,

5.Bluetooth,

6.Zigbee etc.

7.Wi-fi Technology

IR wireless communication

Infrared wireless communication communicates information in a device or systems through IR radiation . IR is electromagnetic energy at a wavelength that is longer than that of red light. It is used for security control, TV remote control and short range communications. In the electromagnetic spectrum, IR radiation lies between microwaves and visible light. So, they can be used as a source of communication

For a successful infrared communication, a photo LED transmitter and a photo diode receptor are required. The LED transmitter transmits the IR signal in the form of non visible light, that is captured and saved by the photoreceptor. So the information between the source and the target is transferred in this way. The source and destination can be mobile phones, TVs, security systems, laptops etc supports wireless communication.

Satellite communication

Satellite communication is one type of self contained wireless communication technology, it is widely spread all over the world to allow users to stay connected almost anywhere on the earth. When the signal (a beam of modulated microwave) is sent near the satellite then, satellite amplifies the signal and sent it back to the antenna receiver which is located on the surface of the earth. Satellite communication contains two main components like the space segment and the ground segment.The ground segment consists of fixed or mobile transmission, reception and ancillary equipment and the space segment, which mainly is the satellite itself.

Broadcast Radio

The first wireless communication technology is the open radio communication to seek out widespread use, and it still serves a purpose nowadays. Handy multichannel radios permit a user to speak over short distances, whereas citizen’s band and maritime radios offer communication services for sailors. Ham radio enthusiasts share data and function emergency communication aids throughout disasters with their powerful broadcasting gear, and can even communicate digital information over the radio frequency spectrum.

Mostly an audio broadcasting service, radio broadcasts sound through the air as radio waves. Radio uses a transmitter which is used to transmit the data in the form of radio waves to a receiving antenna(Different Types of Antennas). To broadcast common programming, stations are associated with the radio N/W’s. The broadcast happens either in simulcast or syndication or both. Radio broadcasting may be done via cable FM, the net and satellites. A broadcast sends information over long distances at up to two megabits/Sec (AM/FM Radio).

Radio waves are electromagnetic signals, that are transmitted by an antenna.These waves have completely different frequency segments, and you will be ready to obtain an audio signal by changing into a frequency segment.

Microwave radio

Microwave wireless communication is an effective type of communication, mainly this transmission uses radio waves, and the wavelengths of radio waves are measured in centimeters. In this communication, the data or information can be transfers using two methods. One is satellite method and another one is terrestrial method.

Wherein satellite method, the data can be transmitted though a satellite, that orbit 22,300 miles above the earth. Stations on the earth send and receive data signals from the satellite with a frequency ranging from 11GHz-14GHz and with a transmission speed of 1Mbps to 10Mbps. In terrestrial method, in which two microwave towers with a clear line of sight between them are used, ensuring no obstacles to disrupt the line of sight. So it is used often for the purpose of privacy. The frequency range of the terrestrial system is typically 4GHz-6GHz and with a transmission speed is usually 1Mbps to 10Mbps.

The main disadvantage of microwave signals is, they can be affected by bad weather, especially rain.

WI-FI

Wi-Fi is a low power wireless communication, that is used by various electronic devices like smart phones, laptops, etc.In this setup, a router works as a communication hub wirelessly. These networks allow users to connect only within close proximity to a router. WiFi is very common in networking applications which affords portability wirelessly. These networks need to be protected with passwords for the purpose of security, otherwise it will access by others

Bluetooth

The main function of the Bluetooth technology is that permits you to connect a various electronic devices wirelessly to a system for the transferring of data.Cell phones are connected to hands free earphones, mouse, wireless keyboard. By using Bluetooth device the information from one device to another device. This technology has various functions and it is used commonly in the wireless communication market.

Zigbee

ZigBee is a wireless communication standard designed to address the unique needs of low-power, low-cost wireless sensor, and control networks. ZigBee can be used almost anywhere, as it is easy to implement and requires little power to operate. Zigbee has been developed looking into the needs of the communication of data with a simple structure like the data from the sensors.Zigbee communication can have battery life lasting several years.

ZigBee devices can transmit data over long distances by passing data through a mesh network of intermediate devices to reach more distant ones. ZigBee is typically used in low data rate applications that require long battery life and secure networking (ZigBee networks are secured by 128 bit symmetric encryption keys.)

Advantages :

• Any information can be conveyed or transmitted quickly and with a high speed.
• The Internet can be accessed from anywhere and at anytime without the need to carry cables or wires and it improves easy access and productivity.
• Helpful for Doctors, workers and other professionals working in remote areas as they can be in touch with the medical centers through wireless communication.
• Emergency situations can be alerted through wireless communication. The affected regions can be provided support with the help of these alerts through wireless communication.
• Wireless networks cost less for installation and maintenance.

Disadvantages:

• A Hacker can easily capture the wireless signals that spread through the air.
• It is very important to secure the wireless network so that the information cannot be exploited by unauthorized users, and this also increases the risk of losing data or information.

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