What type of hox genes are involved in the formation of a long neck observed in...
What type of hox genes are involved in the formation of a long neck observed in giraffes. Are they gap genes, pair-rule genes, or segment polarity, or other?
Homework Answers
Agaba et al (2016) studies the whole genome sequencing of giraffe and okapi. They comparatively analyzed the whole genome and found that genes and pathways responsible for the unique genetic features of giraffe are: HOX, NOTCH and FGF signalling pathways, which regulate the development of skeletal and cardiovascular system. The homeobox genes responsible for divergence in giraffes are HOXB3, CDX4 and NOTO. They concluded that the combination of changes in these homeobox genes and the FGFRL1 gene might provide two of the required ingredients for the evolution of the giraffe's long neck and legs. this FGFRL1 gene is a fibroblast development.
Reference : Agaba M, Edson Ishengoma, Webb C. Miller, Barbara C. McGrath, Chelsea N. Hudson et al (2016).Giraffe genome sequence reveals clues to its unique morphology and physiology. Nature Communications volume7, Article number: 11519.
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