8. (6) There are three common types of point mutations that can affect the coding sequence of proteins. What are these mutations? How do the mutations change the mRNA sequence and consequently the protein?
9. (2) If you were to suggest gene therapy to the family, how you describe what the main goal of this therapy is?
10. (2) Different virus have been used as vectors for gene therapy. Andenoviruses are one example that have been used in humans. What is the advantage of using viruses for gene therapy?
11. (2) What are the two main types of gene therapy? How do they differ from each other?
8. The three main type of point mutations are: Substitution, insertion and deletion. A substitution mutation occurs when one base pair is substituted for another. For example, this would occur when one nucleotide containing cytosine is accidentally substituted for one containing guanine. An insertion mutation occurs when an extra base pair is added to a sequence of bases. A deletion mutation is the opposite; it occurs when a base pair is deleted from a sequence. These mutations change the reading frame of genetic code which results into changes in sequence of mRNA and ultimately to the protein.
9. The goal of gene therapy is to cure or slowdown a genetic disease by repairing the damaged gene responsible for the disease. To achieve this goal, gene therapy requires the technology to insert the missing “normal” gene into the DNA of the patient's cells.
10. viruses transduce a wide cell range, can integrate in host's genome and achieve for a long-period expression, besides avoiding a cellular immune response.
11. There are two different types of gene therapy depending on which types of cells are treated:
8. (6) There are three common types of point mutations that can affect the coding sequence...
90170021 201901/P53 pd 8. (3) Lator you find out that you have access to a microarray for 10 gones that are associated with John's type of cancer. The microarray was done comparing normal tissue the microarray are shown below. One of the patients is John sequence of proteins. What are these mutations? How do the mutations change the 9. (2) If you were to suggest gene therapy to the family. how you describe what the main goal of this therapy...
One way mutations can affect the phenotype is by altering the coding sequence of a gene and therefore changing protein structure. Please describe two ways that mutations can affect the phenotype that does not include alteration of the protein coding sequence
Shown below is the anti-sense DNA sequence from a region of a gene that produces a specific protein. Mutations in this region of the gene cause a disease CTT TTA TAG TAG ATA CCA CAA AGG a. What is the mRNA strand that is transcribed from the DNA shown above? b. What is the amino acid sequence that would be translated from the mRNA strand you determined in part 1? c. If an individual has a G at position 15...
Background Information How can we predict where a coding gene will be in bacteria? And can we then predict what protein will be produced? Take the DNA sequence below, for example. tcaggctttaattcatccgtgatctttgacgacggtaaatacgatgcagatataatacgatgaccgatgccaatcgaccgatcaaggaggcaccgaatggcgatgatggcgatgattgcgattaacgaagtggaacgcattatggcgggcattaacgaagatacccatgcgaccggcgaaaacgaaaccatttgcagctgcgcgaactttgaagaactgacccatgcgaccggccgcgaagcgacctaaaagtcgtaattacgtatcaagtcatgggccgcgggcgcccggcccactgactagactagggccgggcgcccgcggcccaccatataaataaaaaaaaaaaaaacgaggctatagctcatcaatgacct If you were a bacterial RNA polymerase, what sequence(s) should there be in this DNA for you to bind and begin transcribing? And if you found such sequence(s), where would you begin transcription? As a human being looking at this fragment of DNA, what type of consensus sequence(s)...
In humans, there are about 200 different types of cells. Why are your liver cells different from skin cells, or neurons, or muscle cells? During development, each cell accumulates different mutations changing their DNA They produce the same proteins but some of those proteins are denatured in each cell They have different DNA and thus, each cell produces different proteins They produce the same kind of proteins but not all proteins are active in each cell They have the same...
Gene Mutation Worksheet 1. There are several types of gene mutations. (a) List two. (b) What do they have in common? (c) How are they different? 2. A geneticist found that a particular DNA mutation had no effect on the protein coded by a gene. What kind of mutation was this? Why? 3. (a) Name one amino acid that has more than one codon. (b) Name an amino acid that has only one codon 4. Look at the following sequence:...
Did I answer the mRNA sequences and Amino acid sequences correctly? What types of mutations are these? How do you do the bottom? Part 3. Cystic Fibrosis Directions: Cystic Fibrosis is a disorder where the individuals have long and kidney problems. The disorder is caused by a mutation in one of the individual's genes. Complete the boxes below by finding the mRNA and amino acid sequence Compare the moutant DNA strands to the original strand. Circle the mutation in the...
1. The virus hijacks the cell, and RNA polymerases produce the complement to the positive stranded RNA genome. We can call these strands negative strands, and they then serve as templates for RNA polymerases to produce their complement. How does the sequence of these strands, the complement to the negative strands, compare with the original viral genome? 2-1. RNA polymerases lack proofreading ability. Define proofreading ability and describe its importance in replication of DNA genomes. a. Why is this a...
Inheritance and Mutations in a Single-Gene Disorder (10pts - all questions worth 0.5pts) Some diseases are caused by the environment. For example, exposure to chemicals or extremely bright lights can cause certain forms of blindness. But other forms of blindness are inherited, meaning that they are passed on from one generation to another. In this activity, you will learn about a young woman, Molly Troxel, who has an inherited form of blindness called Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA). The activity explores...
1. (1 points) A deletion mutation in the leader sequence of the trp operon removes the two tryptophan codons that are involved in attenuation. Predict the effect of this mutation on the expression of the trp structural genes in E. coli cells grown in media that lacks tryptophan. 2. (2 points) What protein family members are the main protein components of the RISC complex? How does the RISC complex target specific mRNAs for silencing? 3. (3 points) In bacteria, the...