It has been suggested that the vast amount of thermal energy in the oceans could be put to use. The process would rely on the temperature difference between the top layer of the ocean and the bottom; the temperature of the water at the bottom is fairly constant, but the water temperature at the surface changes depending on the time of day, the season, and the weather. Suppose the difference between top and bottom water temperatures at the location of the proposed thermal-energy plant was 3 °C. Assuming that the plant operated with the highest possible efficiency, is there a limit to how much of the ocean’s thermal energy could be extracted? If so, what is this limit?
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