A heat engine consists of a heat source that causes a monatomic gas to expand, pushing against a piston, thereby doing work. The gas begins at a pressure of 300. kPa, a volume of 150. cm3, and room temperature, 20.0 °C. On reaching a volume of 450. cm3, the piston is locked in place, and the heat source is removed. At this point, the gas cools back to room temperature. Finally, the piston is unlocked and used to isothermally compress the gas back to its initial state.
a) Sketch the cycle on a pV-diagram.
b) Determine the work done on the gas and the heat flow out of the gas in each part of the cycle.
c) Using the results of part (b), determine the efficiency of the engine.
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