Question

What is multiplexing and demultiplexing? How and why it is done at the transport layer? (6 Points)

Answer 1

AS PER THE QUESTION GIVEN

ANSWER:

EXPLANATION IN DETAIL:

1. Multiplexing

Multiplexing can be considered as the process where we utilize data streams(signals) from various different sources into a single signal which utilizes a single medium and can be used to be transferred easily. Multiplying is done by devices called MUX.

2. De-multiplexing

Demultiplexing can be considered as the process where we take a single combined signal carrying the signals into multiple channels of signals in order to be able to utilize it. Demultiplying is done by using a DEMUX.

We can assume that there are two connections in this case A and B and A wants to send a message to B(using WhatsApp), in order to be able to do so, A must know the Ip address and the port number of B in order for the destination to be conceived.

The message stream (viz. source IP address, destination IP address, source port no, destination port number) would be combined at the transport layer, using what we call the funnel down effect and we would have utilized the process of multiplexing for that. While at the receivers end, the process would be done in the reverse where the combined signal would be separated based on the header values it was multiplexed with, thus allowing for the signal to be sent easily.

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